What Is Beauty?
Beauty is defined as a mental attribute of particular objects, which makes these objects pleasant to see. These objects include sunsets, landscapes, humans and artistic works of art. Beauty, along with aesthetic sense and art, is perhaps the most important area of aesthetics, among the major branches of contemporary philosophy. philosophers who believe in the importance of beauty believe that there are certain universally acceptable principles that must be accepted, namely the beauty of nature, or the beauty of human beings. These ideas are usually associated with materialism.
According to philosophers, beauty is the essential characteristic of things that make them pleasurable to the sense. The aesthetic sense cannot be distinguished from the feeling of pleasure, and both are integrated in the concept of beauty. However, the term ‘beauty’ is not related to the sensual, rather it refers to the quality of being satisfying and natural in its arrangement. Thus, beauty is the subjective aspect of a set of ideals and values considered as essential to the culture and the human condition.
In aesthetic theory, beauty is determined by three dimensions. Aesthetic theory suggests that beauty lies on the scale between desirability and practical use, on the one hand, and on the other hand, the emotional experience associated with beauty, or on the scale of emotional and aesthetic experiences, on the one hand. It also suggests that beauty is a distinct and personal experience, and not a cultural or social attribute. In addition, some aesthetic theories consider beauty to be an object of conscious creation.
Beauty as an object of personal preference has no objective grounding beyond the individual’s own subjective preferences. Beauty is therefore fundamentally a matter of opinion, and the beholder. An object may be beautiful for some but ugly or merely passable for others. It depends on the attitude, or personal taste. Beauty therefore, has both a subjective and a personal level. We all have an aesthetic sense, but only some of us can say that the objects we choose to look at are visually pleasing to our eyes.
The subject of beauty therefore, can be neither essential nor subjective, and it therefore cannot be given a meaning by any means other than our own judgment. It is ultimately a matter of personal taste, which in turn is a matter of personal emotion. Aesthetic theories do not attempt to define art, but only to describe the different qualities that constitute beauty. In this way art is defined by the variations of pleasure that the audience might feel while viewing the work of an artist. Every aesthetic work is considered a work of beauty, regardless of how well it actually matches the tastes of any particular person who beholds it.
However, the existence and essence of beauty have been subject to constant argument, especially between the extremes of idealism and realism. Many artists and aestheticians believe that beauty consists of a clear sense of proportion and clear-cut perceptions of form and color. Others believe that beauty exists solely within an individual, and that an object’s internal structures have no bearing whatsoever on its appearance to the naked eye. A third group of aestheticians argue that beauty exists as part and parcel to human knowledge of beauty, with the knowledge and values that we possess in determining the value of a work of beauty in our culture.